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Midazolam
Basic Information
Summary
A common hypnotic, sedative and anxiolytic benzodiazepine. High doses may cause amnesia and loss of inhibitions. Unusually, it is water soluble, and commonly used as a premedication for sedation as the solubility makes it better for IV use than other benzodiazepines.
Benzodiazepine
Benzodiazepines are generally hypnotic or anxiolytic depressant drugs.
Read more on TripSit Wiki...Habit-forming
These drugs pose a higher risk of causing habit forming behaviour, take particular care with the amount and frequency they are taken.
Read more on TripSit Wiki...Depressant
Depressants are drugs which reduce arousal and stimulation in the user, characterised by a depressing of mental and physical functions.
Read more on TripSit Wiki...Dose
| Oral | |
|---|---|
| Low | 5-10mg |
| Common | 10-15mg |
| Strong | 15-30mg. |
| Insufflated | |
|---|---|
| Low | 3-7mg |
| Common | 7-15mg |
| Strong | 15-25mg |
| Rectal | |
|---|---|
| Low | 3-7mg |
| Common | 7-15mg |
| Intravenous | |
|---|---|
| Low | 2.5-5mg |
| Common | 5-10mg |
| Strong | 10-20mg |
| Intramuscular | |
|---|---|
| Low | 3-5mg |
| Common | 5-12mg |
| Strong | 12-25mg |
Duration
| oral | |
|---|---|
| Onset | 10-40 minutes |
| Duration | 4-8 hours |
| After-effects | 1-12 hours |
| Insufflated | |
|---|---|
| Onset | 1-5 minutes |
| Duration | 4-8 hours |
| After-effects | 1-12 hours |
| Rectal | |
|---|---|
| Onset | 15-25 minutes |
| Duration | 4-8 hours |
| After-effects | 1-12 hours |
| IV | |
|---|---|
| Onset | 0-1 minutes |
| Duration | 4-8 hours |
| After-effects | 1-12 hours |
| IM | |
|---|---|
| Onset | 10-20 minutes |
| Duration | 4-8 hours |
| After-effects | 1-12 hours |
Avoid
All other CNS depressants.
Effects
Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.
Bioavailability
Oral [variable - significant first-pass metabolism] | Insufflated 55% | Intramuscular 90%
Bioavailability:
Oral [Highly variable] | Insufflated 55% | Intramuscular 90%
Dose_to_diazepam
Midazolam - 10mg ~=10mg Diazepam.
Interactions
Dangerous
- Alcohol
- Ethanol ingestion may potentiate the CNS effects of many benzodiazepines. The two substances potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, very rapidly leading to unconsciousness. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Blacking out and memory loss is almost certain.
- GHB/GBL
- The two substances potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, very rapidly leading to unconsciousness. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position.
- Opioids
- Central nervous system and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically present. The two substances potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, very rapidly leading to unconsciousness. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position Blackouts/memory loss likely
- Tramadol
- Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically present. Vomit aspiration a risk when passed out, lay down in recovery position if ingested.
Caution
- Ketamine
- Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position.
- MXE
- Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place affected patients in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess.
- DXM
- Small doses of benzos can end a bad trip, but both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and this can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position.
Unsafe
- PCP
- Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely